Archives for

Sermon Audio

The flourishing of the Free Presbyterian Church

“Glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen,” Luke 2:20.

Read Psalm 80.

Stream or download Sacred Memories of God’s goodness, Pt3


We come to the early 1960s in this our final message and we will seek to conclude with some references to the present day.

It is at this juncture that I became personally involved in the history of the Free Presbyterian Church.

I was saved on 5th April 1964 and the following Lord’s Day evening, April 12th, I went along with my father and mother to Ravenhill Free Presbyterian Church.

My parents had been attending for some time, since earlier in 1963. Their lives were beginning to show evidence of their sitting under the pure Word of God. They had been saved many years before, my father in 1919 as a 15-year lad and my mother in the mid-1930s. But there was no lively gospel witness for them to attend in the Lisnaskea area where the family lived at that time, and consequently they did not grow and advance as Christians should. However, in the wonderful providence of God, my father was brought under the sound of Dr Paisley’s voice while he was on patrol as a ‘B-Special’ sergeant in the Donegal Pass area of Belfast. What little he heard, listening outside an old cinema in Sandy Row, which had been closed but which Dr Paisley had obtained the use of for a mission, made my father determined to be in Dr Paisley’s church the next Sabbath. He and my mother did seek out Ravenhill church and they attended there until they went to be with the Lord., my father in 1991 and my mother in 2007.

From that first attendance on April 12th, I immediately became involved in the work and witness of the congregation. I was at a meeting there on Monday 13th and on Wednesday 15th and took part in the Young People’s open-air witness which was led by Mr Noel Stephenson, on Friday 17th, when I testified.

In the month of May or early in the month of June, I visited my Uncle William in Lisnaskea. While I was with him I gave my testimony in a portable hall used by an American evangelist, Mr Norman Worth, to conduct missions in the area. The hall was erected on the old railway line at Lisbellaw. It was within yards of the building, then a shop and store, in which some 3 years later I would begin my labours as an ordained minister of the gospel.

Foundry Street

In September 1964, in a little mission hall in Foundry Street in East Belfast, Dr Paisley was having a mission. On the first Tuesday night of that mission I received a blessing from the Lord which had a great impact upon my Christian life. Just two months later, I resigned from my employment in Ulster Television and applied to the Presbytery to be received as a student for the gospel ministry. I was interviewed in November, when I was 21, and given a text to preach upon at the next Presbytery meeting which was on the first Friday evening in December. That I did and was accepted as a student and began my studies in the first week of January, under the tutelage of Dr Paisley and his father, Pastor James Kyle Paisley. William Beattie, James McClelland and James Beggs were my fellows students at that time.

Shortly after I commenced as a student, Dr Paisley decided that it would do me good if I was to move into the manse with his family, since he felt that my total lack of any real knowledge or experience of practical Christian living required such supervision! So for six months I was a ‘lodger’ in the old Beersbridge Road manse. I was very well fed and looked after and saw first hand the busy lifestyle of the Paisley household with visitors arriving at all hours seeking the help of Dr Paisley who was more and more becoming a household name in Protestant evangelical circles.

Of course, I attended and took part in many protests against the growing “Ecumenical Movement”. In those days, such was the confidence of the ecumenists that they were very open and bold in their pushing the aims and purposes of ‘Church Unity’! Leafleting and picketing such meetings were a regular feature of life in those days.

It was in February 1965 that I began preaching regularly each Lord’s Day. My first Sabbath was in Whiteabbey FPC where some 15 people would gather to worship. A month or so later I was placed there as a student minister with the duties of visitation and outreach and conducting the regular Sabbath services and the mid-week prayer meeting.

Politics

On the political front, the then Prime Minister, Terence O’Neill, was leading a campaign which was born of Ecumenism. He sought to introduce the deceitful principles of Ecumenism into the political affairs of Ulster. Irish Nationalism and Republicanism were the implacable twin opponents of the very existence of Northern Ireland. O’Neill, encouraged by his ‘Ecumenical Minders’, sought to change their disposition by compromising with them and offering them involvement in the political structures of Northern Ireland.

Many were dismayed at this approach for history had taught our forefathers that Romanism, the very heart of Irish Nationalism and Republicanism, could not be induced to forgo its undying hatred of all things Protestant. Experience had taught Ulster Protestants of old that “Romanism in the minority was a meek and gentle lamb; in equality, it was a crafty, duplicitous fox but when in the majority it took on its true nature and became a ferocious tiger!”

Because of this, many felt that O’Neill was deceived by his ecumenical mentors and by the two-facedness of popery.

Dr Paisley was to the fore in opposing him. Thus the battle against the evils of Ecumenism and its attempts to overthrow the work of the Protestant Reformation was fought on two fronts.

In June 1966, the Irish Presbyterian Church decided to invite a representative of the Irish Republic’s President to its annual General Assembly in Belfast. Eamon De Valera was the Irish President. He was a hardline republican who had taken part in the Easter Rebellion of 1916 and in subsequent IRA terrorism. He was an ardent Romanist and the invitation to his representative, and that just a few years after the end of last IRA terror campaign, 1956-1962, was seen as an act of betrayal, not only of those who had lost their lives in that terror campaign, but above all, a betrayal of the Truth of God and the principles of the Protestant Reformation.

Our fathers had encapsulated their opposition to Rome succinctly in the words of the old slogan: “No Peace with Rome until Rome Makes Peace with God!” The overtures by Ecumenism to Romanism involved an abandoning of that truth!

1966 Protest

On Monday, 6th June, Dr Paisley led a protest march from his church to the General Assembly in Howard Street in the centre of Belfast, a distance of just over one mile. Police permission had been obtained. As the protest march was assembling, word came through that a crowd of Romanists was assembling in the vicinity of Cromac Square through which the parade must pass. The police were informed of this but it was explained that they were already observing that gathering.

Dr Paisley led off his parade and followed the main route into the centre of the city. As we drew near to Cromac Square, we could see that trouble had broken out in Cromac Square, visible to the Free Presbyterian parade as it descended from the Albert Bridge toward Cromac Square.

The police, the Royal Ulster Constabulary, as they were then called, forced the crowd of Republicans back off the main road in order to allow the legal parade to pass. When Dr Paisley’s parade reached Cromac Square, the Republicans began to shower down stones, bottles, railways bolts and just about anything that could be thrown at the Free Presbyterians. I recall looking up into the sky in order to try and avoid being hit by the missiles and seeing the sky filled with objects descending upon us. It is an absolute miracle that not one of the members of the Protestant parade was hit. It was later discovered that the rioters had availed themselves of the salvage that came from the demolishing of an old section of railway nearby and had used the heavy railway bolts as ammunition to throw at the parade. Thrown with force and descending from quite a height each bolt was capable of killing anyone it hit! But to this day, those who were in that parade bless God for His sparing mercy!

The protest parade continued, not stopping at all, even during the height of the missile throwing, and proceeded up May Street to Howard Street and the General Assembly buildings. It continued on past the buildings, turned right into Fisherwick place and then right again into Wellington Street and continued on until it came to the City Hall where it turned right once more until it came back on to May Street when it turned right once again and started toward the Assembly Buildings once again. That was the planned circuit of protest and it was walked at least twice before it was discovered that the police had erected a rope across Howard Street just at the Assembly Buildings. This is important to note for we had been given permission to parade this route but now the parade was forced to stop by the police erecting that rope.

The news of the attack upon the parade in Cromac Square had quickly spread to the nearby Protestant areas of Sandy Row and the Shankill Road. Consequently, many hundreds of concerned people had come down to the centre of the city to investigate and the original parade of maybe 200 Free Presbyterians had swollen to a crowd of many hundreds of people!

Enforced

The ‘enforced’ stoppage of the parade resulted in a very large assembly of people just outside the entrance to the Presbyterian Headquarters from which a procession of local ‘dignitaries’, led by the newly inducted Moderator, one, Dr Alfred Martin, better known amongst us as ‘Daft Alfie’, and including the Governor of Northern Ireland, Lord Grey and his wife. Belfast humour at its best was directed toward the Moderator in his quaint apparel of breeches which  were gathered at the knee and tied with bows and his frilly lace cravat. There was no violence whatever directed toward the individuals and the police felt that they were safe from any attack and so the procession of Presbyterians and their guests took place. The only ‘abuse’ was that of booing and shouting against the betrayal of the Protestant faith by the Presbyterian church and its ecumenical endeavours.

However, the pride of this once great pillar of Ulster’s establishment was deeply wounded indeed. Immediately calls were made for retribution and the punishment of those who took part. The person of Dr Paisley was especially targeted. Calls were made in the Stormont Parliament for severe action to be taken against him and the Free Presbyterian Church and many leading politicians gave vent to the most outrageous statements.

Action was soon forthcoming. In Stormont, a government minister gave an undertaking to the Presbyterian Church leaders that such a protest would never be allowed again and those who took part would be dealt with! Summons were issued against Dr Paisley, Rev John Wylie, myself and some others who were picked out, including a Protestant Unionist councillor, Mr James McCarroll. The summons were issued on 5th July, one month after the protest.
I have always said that the reason I, a mere second year student and licentiate minister, was picked out was because former colleagues in Ulster Television, filming the protest for their news broadcasts, focused on me because they knew me! Others felt that I was particularly vociferous and loud in my shouts but anyone who knows me will immediately dismiss such a notion as unthinkable!!!!

Court

The court case took place on July 18th. There are reports of the scenes at the court found elsewhere so I will not dwell on it. We were sentenced to be bound over to keep the peace for a period of two years or go to jail for three months and were also fined a sum of £40, if I recall correctly. We were given three days to consider what we would do. It was immediately decided that we would not sign any rule of bail and thereby sign away our right to engage in such a protest again within a period of two years. That meant jail.

Dr Paisley was arrested on his way to his Wednesday night prayer meeting on 20th, Rev Wylie, who was on holiday in Newcastle, was arrested the next day and late on the same evening I surrendered to the police. Because it was past the hour of admitting prisoners to Crumlin Road prison, I was kept overnight in Musgrave Street police station, where the arrested drunks were brought! It was not a pleasant night trying to sleep on a mahogany mattress with a mahogany pillow!  Apparently, such material makes the cleaning of the cells easier in the morning, not with a vacuum cleaner but a hose, after housing its usual guests!

Strange??

It may seem difficult for some to comprehend how such events could in any way be linked to a time of revival blessing. We would do well to remember the occasions when the Lord made the battlefield a birthplace of revival blessing. Was it not on the battlefield of the Valley of Elah, where David killed Goliath, that the Lord visited His people Israel and aroused and revived the army of Israel? We are told of the cowardly, frightened state of the army before David’s fight. “And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, and were sore afraid,” 1 Samuel 17:24. From such a state God was pleased to deliver them and that by David engaging the giant in battle and killing him! “And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang it, and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth. So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but there was no sword in the hand of David. Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled. And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until thou come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even unto Gath, and unto Ekron. And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents,” verses 49-53.

Of course, that was not the only time God was pleased to visit and revive His people in the midst of battle. David said: “Blessed be the LORD my strength, which teacheth my hands to war, and my fingers to fight,” Psalm 144:1. Moses rejoiced in the fact that the Lord was a man of war! “Then sang Moses and the children of Israel this song unto the LORD, and spake, saying, I will sing unto the LORD, for he hath triumphed gloriously: the horse and his rider hath he thrown into the sea. The LORD is my strength and song, and he is become my salvation: he is my God, and I will prepare him an habitation; my father’s God, and I will exalt him. The LORD is a man of war: the LORD is his name,” Exodus 15:1-3.

The first prophecy of Christ in the Bible is one in which He is linked with a state of war between His people and the devil and his people and which was instituted by the Lord. “And I will put enmity between thee and the woman, and between thy seed and her seed; it shall bruise thy head, and thou shalt bruise his heel,” Genesis 3:15. Calvary was a battlefield and all that flows from it, every blessing and favour are ever linked to war and strife! Were not the days of Pentecostal blessing days of war and strife? Was not the great Reformation a time of war and upheaval? Yes, those days were and it is not surprising that the blessing into which God was pleased to lead the Free Presbyterian Church in the mid-60s were days of contention and combat!

We might also mention how that just some 40 years earlier, W P Nicholson saw revival in a Northern Ireland gripped by terror and murder as the IRA sought to destroy the infant state of Northern Ireland.

What of George Whitefield and the times of revival he witness which were often times the target of civil disorder? However, civil disorder amongst degenerate ‘Protestants’ in England hardly amounted to much more than throwing rotten fruit and stones and brickbats at God’s servants whereas in Ireland, the Roman Catholic populace, urged on by their priests, readily resorted to murder and terror in their opposition to anything Protestant!

There are records of the impact of the imprisonment upon the Protestant people of Ulster and the springing up of a lively interest in the work and witness of the Free Presbyterian Church and the message it was preaching, so I need not go into that matter. When the three ministers were released toward the end of October, they found themselves in great demand and people organised rallies and meetings in Orange Halls, Town Halls and any large hall that was available. The ‘agenda’ was for me to preach first, Rev John Wylie to give a report of the three months in jail and then Dr Paisley to preach.

Of course, it was Mr Paisley that the people chiefly wished to hear. They were not disappointed as the Lord helped His servant preach out the word of God for the hour, denouncing the wickedness of ecumenism and its plans for reunion with Rome and issuing, as only he could, a strong gospel appeal. The meetings lasted often to nearly midnight, with many standing since there was never enough seating. I do not believe that I am inaccurate when I say that hundreds were saved during the four or five months that those meetings took place, nearly every weeknight, all around Ulster. These rallies were followed by a time of intensive evangelism, which again saw Dr Paisley to the fore. Areas in Ulster where Dr Paisley had for many years been conducting occasional Sabbath afternoon gospel meetings now were stirred to have him for a prolonged period of gospel preaching in a hall or in a tent. Other ministers were also active but all would wish it to be known that Ian Paisley was God’s man in that hour of blessing.

Lurgan, Portadown, Armagh, Dungannon, Cookstown, Omagh, Tandragee, Kilkeel, Banbridge are but some of the churches which owe their birth to the times which followed the imprisonment. Rev William Beattie was involved in the commencement of Hillsborough and he and Dr Paisley conducted a mission which gave birth to our Lisburn church in 1968. Rev John Douglas pioneered Moneyslane. Magherafelt came into existence also and soon Rev William McCrea was engaged in labouring there.

Commemoration

We are commemorating the founding of the Free Presbyterian witness in Co. Fermanagh 52 years ago in this week of meetings so I will say a little about events there. Early in December, 1966, my Uncle William Foster approached Dr Paisley about an opening in Lisbellaw.  During the imprisonment, there had been a protest rally organised by him and others in Lisnaskea. Rev Alan Cairns, one of those ministers who preached at the rally, told me that it was one of the liveliest of all the rallies!

Dr Paisley, one Sabbath evening, in company with Rev William Beattie, who drove him down, and I went down to Lisbellaw and had a brief ‘flashlight’ inspection of the shop and store belonging to a relative of a Mr Lionel Weir who met us that night and took us into the property. He was the father of Miss Edna Weir, the much loved Bethel’s children’s evangelist who has gone to be with the Lord.

After returning to Belfast, it was agreed to buy the property at a cost of £800. The womenfolk of Dr Paisley’s church raised the money, with one lady giving £1 for every other £1 that was given. A plaque was erected and unveiled at the opening of Bethel Church in Enniskillen in August 1972 commemorating their generosity.

When the property in Lisbellaw was brought, renovations began whereby it was turned into a hall which held about 140 people. My fellow student, Rev James McClelland, a skilled electrician, with a little help from me, rewired the property!

On Saturday, 11th February at 3.30 pm, Dr Paisley declared the hall open. He and Rev John Wylie preached at that afternoon service. In the evening time, Rev William Beattie and I preached. The hall was packed to overflowing for the afternoon meeting and filled again for the night meeting.

The next day, the first Sabbath service took place and Dr Paisley preached the opening message in a gospel mission. He was not able to be there every night so I also preached at some of the services as did Rev William Beattie.
So rapidly did the work advance that just over one month later Rev Alan Cairns preached at the Constituting of the congregation. I was placed as the Student Minister in charge under the supervision of Dr Paisley.

Gospel Missions

The years 1967 to the early 1970s were years of revival blessing in the area. The little hall was packed to overflowing with some travelling from across the border, from Co. Cavan and Co. Monaghan to the evening services. Missions were held twice in Springfield and also in nearby Monea. Other missions were held in Tresna, Fivemiletown, Coragarry, Co. Monaghan and Redhills, Co. Cavan, Lisnaskea, Killycat between Letterbreen and Springfield, Tullychurry near Boa Island below Kesh and in Kesh itself. There may have been one or two more that I cannot recall.

As well as the missions in the local area, I conducted over 20 missions in other parts of Ulster and the UK in churches, Orange halls and in tents. We even had two missions in the USA!
From the missions in the local area, Clogher Valley (1970), Coragarry (1971), Kesh (1976) and Kilskeery churches were formed, the latter being constituted in 1977.

The congregation that met in Lisbellaw made an early start upon erecting a permanent church building in the nearly county town of Enniskillen. As already stated, it was opened in August 1972.

Those were busy but blessed times. At one time, 1970-72, we were engaged in building Bethel church, supervising the newly formed congregations in Clogher valley and Coragarry as well being engaged in gospel missions as far away as Larne!
IRA terror campaign

Time would not permit me to relay many of the sad and tragic events in those years for the IRA terror campaign was just beginning back in 1968. Many brave men and women were done to death by the murderous cowards who lay behind hedges and waited for their targets to return home alone. Despite the wicked cruelty of the terrorists we may say with the Psalmist: “Though I walk in the midst of trouble, thou wilt revive me: thou shalt stretch forth thine hand against the wrath of mine enemies, and thy right hand shall save me,” Psalm 138:7. In spite of the forwardness of the voice of the Free Presbyterian Church in condemning most forthrightly the wickedness of Sinn Fein/IRA, the Lord spared our people and the number of victims of IRA cruelty was few, though the attempts made to kill members were many!

Decline

I come now to the final chapter of the story. I want to conclude with some comments upon the decline of the spirit of blessing amongst us, the going out of the tide of revival. When that was is reasonably easy to discern by those who lived through those days. Oftentimes when a people experience a withdrawing of the Lord’s blessing from their midst they fail to note that sad event because they are occupied with that which has caused the Lord to withdraw! Nevertheless, there were some who noticed the setting of the sun of blessing and the growing shadow that followed!

However, many failed to note the change. Remember what we read of Samson! “And he awoke out of his sleep, and said, I will go out as at other times before, and shake myself. And he wist not that the LORD was departed from him,” Judges 16:20. Samson was so taken up with wiles of Delilah that he did not realise that his dalliance with this evil woman had offended the Lord and He had withdrawn His presence and power from him.

That, sadly, has been the experience of God’s people on many, many occasions throughout history. It happened I believe to the Free Presbyterian Church in the 1980s and we live today with increasing evidence that this is so! I have no doubt that there are those who will take offence at what I am saying, but who is there, who saw the days of God’s blessing in the 60s and 70s, who will say that we enjoy today the presence and power of God as we did then?
There is none!

I once wrote and also preached on many occasions that the future spiritual wellbeing of the Free Presbyterian Church lay in protecting its children from the ungodly state school system with its promoting of the God-denying notion of evolution, its encouraging of immorality through its literature and biology syllabuses, its embracing ever more the sodomite agenda until we have come today to the scandalously wicked situation where children in their earliest school days are encouraged to question their gender! And it must be said – Christians still send their children to such institutions to be influenced and corrupted!

It is not without significance that the Free Presbyterian Christian School movement stopped expanding with the opening of the last school in 1988! I believe that decline indicated a new spirit amongst us and a departure from the determination to be separate from the ecumenical, modernistic spirit of the age.

Politics

I believe also that politics and our increasing involvement with the political structures of Ulster played a very significant part. I freely confess the part I played for a time in that development. I fervently supported Dr Paisley’s entrance into the political arena as a challenger to the ecumenical politics of O’Neill and others that followed him. Indeed, I became a local councillor and then a member of the 1982-86 Stormont Assembly. But I did begin to question just where our political involvement was taking us!

It is one thing to stand as a protester in the political arena and quite another thing to begin to organise so as to become a major party in the political arena. To do that you must muster many votes and to do that you have to water down your principles in order to obtain the votes of those who do not share your spiritual views.

I recall a party meeting in Lisburn in 1985 where the manifesto for the coming local council elections was being ratified. It was believed that the DUP would gain the majority of seats in Ballymena Council, but the DUP leadership also believed that such would not come about unless the Party’s stand on the Sabbath and its opposition to children’s playgrounds and council-controlled places of entertainment being open on the Sabbath, was changed.
At that meeting the DUP leadership sought to remove references to opposition to what was called a ‘Republican Sunday’ in its traditional manifesto. This was to be replaced by a right to ‘local option’ in each council area.

Opposition was voiced to this departure from deeply held spiritual principles. It was argued that there was no option offered to mankind as to whether or not they should obey God’s Ten Commandments.

The Party leadership lost the vote to change the Party’s position on the matter. This caused great anger as was most obvious and the Party Chairman, who was opposed to any departure from Sabbath observance, was physically pushed aside and another vote demanded. This of course was totally against Party rules but that mattered little!! This time all at the meeting were to vote by going to one side of the hall or the other side, thus  indicating that they were either ‘For’ or ‘Against’ the change.

The Party leadership again lost the vote.

Greatly troubled

I went home from that meeting greatly troubled by the spirit that had emerged. It was the beginning of the end for me! Another incident took place in Stormont which added to my alarm. I was to stand in for Dr Paisley, who was Chairman of the Agriculture Committee, in the reading out of a statement in one of the Assembly’s sittings. I was at that time one of the Deputy Chairmen of the Committee. The civil servant attached to the Committee brought me the prepared statement as was standard procedure. I read it over, but noticed some things that I did not consider accurate and objected. Attempts to minimise my objections were made but I stated that I would change the statement or I would not read it!

The civil servant, a very nice man, a Roman Catholic with whom I had had some good talks, said (his name was Tony McA), “Ivan, you should leave politics for you are not cut out for it.” He went on to explain that politicians had to be ‘flexible and bend with the way the winds were blowing!’ I told him that, as a Christian ‘bending with the winds of contrary opinions had no part in my make-up!’

In a way that man’s words were a message from the Lord to me. Other incidents occurred which also caused me to decide to leave the DUP in the latter part of 1980s. I am glad that I did, otherwise I could well have been caught up in the compromises and about-turns that took place  in 2006 and in 2007 when the DUP went into power-sharing with the murderers of the IRA.

I recall being assured by a prominent Free Presbyterian DUP member, following a meeting with Dr Paisley and the DUP leadership, of which he was part, in November 2006. I was part of a Free Presbyterian delegation which voiced opposition to the planned power-sharing agreement. The Free Presbyterian DUP member stated to a number of us after the meeting that Dr Paisley would never be allowed by the elected MLAs in Stormont to enter such an arrangement with Sinn Fein/IRA.

The man who gave us that assurance, some six months later became a chairman of one of the power-sharing Assembly Committees at a very handsome salary indeed!

Division

The decision by Dr Paisley and the DUP to enter power-sharing with murderer Martin McGuinness and his IRA cohorts caused deep division within the Free Presbyterian Church. Of course, many saw me as the cause of the division. I recall at a Presbytery meeting in Portadown early in 2007, being called a ‘divider of the brethren’ and that I ‘should be brought up on a charge’ and disciplined! One young minister even proposed in the next monthly Presbytery that I be charged with rebellion and his proposal was seconded by one of his elders.

In response I said that I would very much welcome such a trial as I would then surely have the opportunity to state why I was opposed to Dr Paisley’s involvement in power-sharing with the IRA in Presbytery, something in which I had been very much opposed when I attempted to voice my opposition!

The young minister’s proposal was ignored by the Presbytery Chairman, quite contrary to Presbytery rules. However,  it was quickly seen that such a platform being given me would be very dangerous to the cause of those who wished to silence all opposing voices to Dr Paisley taking up the office of First Minster at Stormont.

Providence

However, the Lord had His say in the matter. Within one year, Dr Paisley was no longer the Moderator of the Free Presbyterian Church. By early 2008, he was no longer First Minister in the Power-Sharing Executive, despite his claim that he would serve out his four-year term. He was soon after replaced as leader of the DUP and shortly after that he was removed as minister of Martyrs Memorial congregation.

I have often wondered how different things might have been for David and Israel had Joab objected to what David was doing with regards Bathsheba and her husband Uriah rather than simply complying with his commands. Likewise, I think things would have been different all round in the Free Presbyterian Church and in Dr Paisley’s life had some senior ministers objected to what he was doing rather than supporting him or simply remaining silent!!

The Lord knows my heart when I say that I mourn over those developments. Ian Paisley was a mighty man of God in the earlier part of his life. The end of his life should not have been as it was. His should have been a glorious and honoured old age but it was not so for the reasons I have stated.

I grieve over that to this day and will to the end of my days!

Future

What does the future hold for us? That depends very much on the ministers and members of the Free Presbyterian Church. God’s servants are called upon to explain to a people who have lost out with God just why it is so! “And the children of Israel did evil in the sight of the LORD: and the LORD delivered them into the hand of Midian seven years. . . . . . And Israel was greatly impoverished because of the Midianites; and the children of Israel cried unto the LORD. And it came to pass, when the children of Israel cried unto the LORD because of the Midianites, that the LORD sent a prophet unto the children of Israel, which said unto them, Thus saith the LORD God of Israel, I brought you up from Egypt, and brought you forth out of the house of bondage; and I delivered you out of the hand of the Egyptians, and out of the hand of all that oppressed you, and drave them out from before you, and gave you their land; and I said unto you, I am the LORD your God; fear not the gods of the Amorites, in whose land ye dwell: but ye have not obeyed my voice,” Judges 6:1, 6-10.

The Free Presbyterian Church needs men like that prophet, who will explain just where they went wrong and what it is they have to do in order to enjoy God’s blessing again! That will require humility amongst the older ranks of our ministers and boldness and courage amongst the younger men. It will require plain preaching rather than vague references to turning from sin and seeking the Lord. The wrong that has been done must be plainly stated for we are slow to see our sins and need them spelled out plainly. Of such a man we read in Micah 3:8. “But truly I am full of power by the spirit of the LORD, and of judgment, and of might, to declare unto Jacob his transgression, and to Israel his sin.”

God raise men again of the spirit of Ian Paisley in his early days!

I earnestly trust that the God who made a handful of nobodies in the 60s and 70s mighty to the pulling down of ecumenical and modernistic strongholds, will work in like manner again amongst us and grant us, undeserving as we most certainly are, a mighty time of repentance, renewal and revival again.

I hope I live to see such a day!

The Parables #104

The sheep and the goats, Pt1. 

Scripture: Matthew 25:31-46

Stream or download The Parables #104


“When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him, then shall he sit upon the throne of his glory: and before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats: and he shall set the sheep on his right hand, but the goats on the left,” 31-33.

This is the final parable told by the Saviour and its is fitting that we look at it for I feel that it will occupy us until the end of this school year.

The time indicated. “When the Son of man shall come in his glory, and all the holy angels with him.” This is the end of this age.

The event that takes place. “Before him shall be gathered all nations: and he shall separate them one from another, as a shepherd divideth his sheep from the goats.”

“All nations”: this is an example of a general term which has a very specific and limited meaning. We commonly used a general, all embracing term when we actually means something much more limited. Consider how we see in the Bible general expressions which actually meant something much smaller or less than what it appears to be saying.

• “And I, if I be lifted up from the earth, will draw all men unto me,” John 12:32. Only ALL of God’s elect come to Christ in response to the gospel.

• “And it came to pass in those days, that there went out a decree from Caesar Augustus, that all the world should be taxed,” Luke 2:1. It was only a small part of the world that heard this decree!

• “Which is come unto you, as it is in all the world; and bringeth forth fruit, as it doth also in you, since the day ye heard of it, and knew the grace of God in truth,” Col 1:6. Likewise, only a small part of the world had heard the gospel.

Here are general terms with a limited meaning as we have in this parable.

Who then are ‘all the nations? It is a reference to ALL those who profess in some form the Christian religion. The professing church is made up of  either ‘sheep’ or goats. Some are sheep and others only look like sheep, they are in truth, ‘goats’ false professors!!

The formation of the Free Presbyterian Church

“Glorifying and praising God for all the things that they had heard and seen,” Luke 2:20.

Read Psalm 145.

Stream or download Sacred memories of God’s goodness Pt 2


We come to the second part of our story of the Free Presbyterian Church. In the first part we sought to show you how, in the providence of God, a series of events in the religious affairs of Ulster in the early years of the last century preceded the formation of the Free Presbyterian Church.

Just as events in Egypt prepared the people for that glorious upheaval and departure from their captivity, so the Lord in like fashion ordered the spiritual affairs of Ulster in the 1920s and 1930s in preparation for the formation of a new and vigorous separated, Reformed witness in Ulster by which the Lord would take the battle to the enemy.

Complacency

There are parallels with the state of Israel in Egypt and God’s people in Ulster back then.
There was, to a great degree, a spirit of complacency amongst both Israel and Christians here in the 1930s – 1950s.

Exodus 2:12-14 records a spirit of contentment under the oppression of Egypt and a rejection of any intervention by the one who was to be God’s deliverer. There was an ignorance of God’s purpose amongst God’s people. As Stephen declares in his speech before the Sanhedrin in

Acts 7:25. “For he supposed his brethren would have understood how that God by his hand would deliver them: but they understood not.”

There was also an obvious ignorance amongst Christians in Ulster in those days of controversy. Little support was given to the protesters within the Irish Presbyterian Church and even less given to those who separated and formed the Evangelical Presbyterian Church!
There was just no awareness of God’s purpose in separation.

Further evidence of Israel’s complacency is seen in the face of increasing cruelty by Pharaoh in Stephen’s statement in Acts 7:19. “The same dealt subtilly with our kindred, and evil entreated our fathers, so that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.” Note the words: “So that they cast out their young children, to the end they might not live.” The Israelite parents complied with the wicked and cruel demands of Pharaoh!

Unchallenged

So it was in Ulster in some 90 years ago! The perverted theology of J E Davey was embraced virtually unchallenged by the Presbyterian Church and the rising generation was willingly sacrificed to that soul-damning doctrine!

But as the cruelties of Pharaoh in the end aroused and awakened Israel to their state of bondage, likewise there arose a like awareness, at least to a measure, in Ulster, not just before the Free Presbyterian Church was formed but in the subsequent years as its witness drew the attention of Christians to just what was happening in the ecclesiastical world! “And it came to pass in process of time, that the king of Egypt died: and the children of Israel sighed by reason of the bondage, and they cried, and their cry came up unto God by reason of the bondage. And God heard their groaning, and God remembered his covenant with Abraham, with Isaac, and with Jacob. And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God had respect unto them,” Exodus 2:23-25.

I believe that the ‘groaning’ of God’s people began some time before 1951 as God prepared to do “a new thing in Ulster.” Indeed, that season of prayer we mentioned in our first message, when Ian Paisley and John Douglas and two other men, waited upon God and ‘sighed and cried’ for His blessing and were heard, was an evidence of that stirring!

The Free Presbyterian Church was formed in war!

The controversy in Crossgar in March 1951 was centred upon the gospel! That has been challenged by some in the Irish Presbyterian Church. They say that they had no objections to a gospel mission but it was the preacher, Ian Paisley, they objected to.

The elders of the vacant Lissara congregation in Crossgar had witnessed the blessing of God upon Ian Paisley as he preached in the months following the prayer meeting of October 1949. They had seen the wonderful interest stirred amongst people, the crowds that had flocked to his missions and, above all, the souls that had been saved. They desired to see something of that blessing amongst their flock in Lissara.

However, the Presbytery of Down did not share their desire. They did not like Ian Paisley’s message. WHY? For the simple reason that they were disciples of the ‘new gospel’ then prevalent within the Irish Presbyterian Church, the gospel of J E Davey! Ian Paisley was preaching against the modernism and the ecumenism of Irish Presbyterianism and the Presbytery of Down, amongst many others, did not like it!

Dr Davey’s gospel was a blasphemous attack upon the Biblical record of the ‘good news of salvation’!

Listen to some of the things Davey said and wrote. Let me quote again from Dr Paisley’s sermon, which he preached in 1983, on Davey’s heresy.

“Nineteen hundred and twenty-one is an important year, because that year Professor J. E. Davey, Master of Arts and Bachelor of Divinity, delivered a series of lectures known as the Kerry lectures. The subject was ‘The Changing Vesture of the Faith – Studies in the Origins and Development of Christian Forms of Belief, Institution and Observance’. These lectures were published. Let me read you a few extracts and you will realise the type of heresy that

Professor Davey was propagating:
‘The faith which is found to depend on Book or Church has put these things in place of God; the visible in place of the invisible on whom alone faith can depend, and such idolatry is always helpless in the face of reason and progress.’

So Professor Davey said it was idolatry to put your faith in the Blessed Book of God. ‘It was idolatry’. Just as evil to bow before the graven image as to take out the Bible and believe its Precious Truth and its Divinely revealed doctrine.

Let me give you another extract from this same publication: ‘Protestants’ insistence on the Sacred Book which touches us most closely has been progressively modified under the attacks of modern scholarship. To the quest for an external Infallibility there is no answer. Throughout all the search of men for such an external Infallibility the heavens are as brass, and all the Infallibilities which men have laboriously pieced together crumble away at the touch of criticism.’

I’m glad my old Bible has not crumbled away at the touch of criticism. Professor Davey’s body is today eaten by the skin worms; his soul is in Hell in the torments of the damned, if this Book is right, but, thank God, God’s Truth is marching on and marching on to final and blessed victory.

Let us go on. In page 27 of this book, he makes a terrible indictment, he says: ‘The new vigour of Rome after the Reformation, evidenced especially in the counter-Reformation in all its aspects, and in the great missionary activities in which Rome gave the lead to Protestantism is a sure sign that in Romanism there are elements of life as genuine as in the opposing faith.’ (Shades of Ecumenism) that ‘Romanism has elements of life as genuine as lies in the heart of Protestantism.’

Dr Paisley further quoted Davey. “Professor Davey says, ‘The centre of Protestantism’s orthodox system is a doctrine of atonement, resting upon a theory of imputation which is only another form of Transubstantiation.’ So he likens the doctrine that Christ was made sin for us that we might be made the righteousness of God in Him, to the idolatry of the Mass. “God does actually take responsibility for all things present and to come, but imputation is not only an unsuitable word in virtue of its commercial derivation, but it stands for an absurd theory of what actually happens in experience, and it is almost an exact parallel to the Roman Catholic doctrine of Transubstantiation. Each of these two branches of Christendom possessing the same rationality at the very centre of its system of salvation. It is surely then not for us to sneer at others ’till at least our own house has been set in order.’

hink of it, that glorious doctrine so ably set forth in our Catechism, ‘What is Justification?’ ‘It is an act of God’s free grace, wherein He pardoneth all our sins and accepteth us as righteous in His sight, only for the Righteousness of Christ imputed to us, and received by faith alone.’
He goes on in the book to say, ‘We can’t even be certain there is a God at all; no one can be certain of the Being of God’; and he tells us that ‘Christian Science and Spiritism are great vital movements. They testify to a new and living religious spirit seeking after God. These movements are not purely speculative, they are doing positive good, making better, stronger and wiser men and women.’ So when that was published the Bible Standards League knew, and Mr. Hunter (Rev James Hunter) knew, the battle-lines were really drawn. The next year Professor Davey lectured to the Students’ Christian Movement, and he published his lectures under the title, ‘Our Faith in God through Jesus Christ, Its reasonableness, necessity, effectiveness and finality,’ and again we have the poison. On page 61 in answer to the great Gospel question, ‘What think ye of Christ? Whose Son is He?’, Professor Davey tells the students, ‘Christ is the decentest chap we know of.’ Think of that! Christ the Eternal Son of the Everlasting Father, the One Who was and is and forever will be; the One Who in the Eternity of the past was in the bosom of the Father, co-equal and co-Eternal in the Blessed relationship of the Trinity, and that One Who humbled Himself and came down to this earth and dwelt among men, that One of Whom Paul could write, ‘Great is the Mystery of Godliness, God manifest in the flesh.’ J. Ernest Davey says ‘He is the decentest chap we know of.’ And he goes on in this book to tell us that ‘we don’t accept the views of Christ as final, not at all. In Christ we have a perfect spirit, a perfect life, a final faith in the imperfect vestments, social, historical and intellectual, of a provincial Judaism and apocalyptical peasant piety. That is, that we must penetrate beneath the clothes to the abiding reality for our final faith. This finality lies and will lie so far as our mind can conceive the problem and the future at all in the moral finality of His spirit.’”

We further quote from Dr paisley’s 1983 sermon. “When a student, Mr. W. J. Grier, Bachelor of Arts, returned from doing two years in Princetown Seminary, and came to finish his final year in Assembly’s College, he was aghast at what Professor Davey was teaching. Another student, Mr. Nesbitt, was also aghast at the statements which the Professor was making. The Rev. W. A. Nesbitt affirmed that when he was a student in Assembly’s College, one day Professor Davey said, ‘The Jewish view was that Jesus was the illegitimate son of Joseph and Mary, and I accept that view.’ Mary was a strumpet and our Lord a bastard, according to Professor Davey.

Another student, who is now settled in a Church, stated that ‘he himself did not believe in the Virgin Birth, neither did Professor Davey.’

On another occasion the Professor said, ‘Jesus had a downward tendency which our forefathers would call original sin, but which we would call the dregs of evolution.’ So the Lord came from a monkey according to Professor Davey.’ ”

This was Davey’s gospel! I urge you to read Dr paisley’s full sermon which is available here online.

To each minister and elder of the Free Presbyterian Church there comes, as part of their ordination oath, a solemn reminder of the obligation God laid upon us to maintain the battle against apostasy commenced in 1951.

Each minister and elder is asked: “Will you maintain with all the strength God shall give you the truly Scriptural separation position of the Free Presbyterian Church of Ulster and vigorously withstand the apostasy of Irish Presbyterianism exhorting God’s people to obey the teaching and commandment of 1 Timothy 6:3-5.”

Oh that every man, minister, elder and student would cry out in response to this question with all the fervour of Luther long ago: ‘Here I stand, I can do no other, so help me God. Amen.’

Davey’s gospel was a complete contradiction of Biblical Christianity and the rediscovered glorious truth which emerged at the Reformation, brought to light again by the merciful Providence of God. J E Davey was little more than an advocate of Popery in the guise, a thin one at that, of a Presbyterian minister.

It was little wonder that the Down Presbytery of the Irish Presbyterian Church refused to have Ian Paisley preach the message of the Bible in Lissara church hall!

On the Free Presbyterian website we can find these words.

“Early in 1950, the Committee of the Crossgar Mission Hall approached the 24-year-old Rev. Ian Paisley to determine whether he would conduct a Gospel Campaign in the town. After careful consideration and prayer, the date was fixed for February 1951. The Campaign Committee, the majority of whom were office-bearers or members of Lissara Presbyterian Church, feeling that the Mission Hall would be too small, decided to ask their Kirk Session for the use of the local Presbyterian Church hall for the campaign. This was unanimously granted at a meeting of Session.

However, in what local people saw as evidence of the liberal agenda that was becoming increasingly evident in their church, the Down Presbytery meeting on Monday January 8th 1951 ruled that the mission should not go ahead in Lissara Church hall. It is doubtful that the local elders were ever properly informed of this because the plans for the mission continued. Certainly the ordinary members knew nothing about the ruling.

Matters were drawn sharply to a head when on the evening of Saturday 3rd February 1951, just 90 minutes prior to a march of witness to advertise the mission, Down Presbytery held a special meeting to which Lissara’s Church Session were summoned. At this meeting the Moderator of Down Presbytery demanded that the Lissara Session reverse their decision to grant the use of the church hall to the missioners.

The evangelicals, who had already been battling against liberalism in their own congregation, saw these moves as further evidence of the downward trend in their denomination. They could not believe that the Presbytery would ban a gospel mission in their own church hall. For two of the elders, Hugh James Adams and George K. Gibson the high-handedness of the Presbytery was too much. They refused what they saw as an anti-gospel demand by Presbytery officers to immediately cancel the gospel campaign. For this they were suspended.
These events were as yet unknown to those who were at that time gathered for a March of Witness. They made their way to Lissara Church Hall only to discover that the Down Presbytery had closed the doors of the hall to the preaching of the gospel and to them. One of the abiding memories of those who were on that March of Witness is having to shelter from torrential rain in the porch of their own church hall from which they had been locked out.
The Mission however, went on in the Killyleagh Street Mission Hall and was blessed of God in the salvation of 94 precious souls. Dr. Paisley speaking in the Crossgar Church in 1997 said, ‘My memory of those meetings was not the packed house that we had overflowing each evening, the great spirit of blessing and the joy of leading precious souls to Christ but it was of the continued sessions of prayer – one on Tuesday night and one on Friday night when we went on past midnight and past two o’clock in earnest intercessions before God. For a crisis would arise at the end of the campaign- back to the Church that put out the light of the gospel or outside the camp to bear reproach for the Lord Jesus Christ. That was the decision and choice that had to be made.’ ”

Thus war began! Under Ian Paisley’s leadership, the Free Presbyterian Church continued to challenge the apostasy of the Irish Presbyterian Church which had in 1948, become one of the foundation members of the World Council of Churches.

An example of that challenge may be seen in the events of 1953. JE Davey was elected and installed as moderator of the Irish Presbyterian Church. It was an act as wicked and as damning as the acceptance of the thirty pieces of silver by Judas! I believe that it was then, if it was not already written over that denomination, that ‘ICABOD’ was written large over the Irish Presbyterian Church.

Luther-like

In 1953, Ian Paisley led his Ravenhill congregation in a march down to High Street in the centre of Belfast where there was large open space, a reminder of the Belfast blitz of some 12 year earlier, and there held a protest against the actions of the General Assembly in installing Davey as its moderator and burned a number of his writings in protest.
Missions

Dr Paisley busily engaged in evangelism and new congregations were formed. Cabra, now Hebron congregation in Ballymoney, was formed in 1951, after a mission in Cabra schoolhouse at which 100 people were converted.

Mr. Sandy McAuley and his two sons, Ansy and Billy, had been saved in Faith Mission meetings some time earlier. This had a great impact on the life of Mr. McAuley and his family. Following his conversion Mr. McAuley held cottage meetings in his home where the Gospel was preached faithfully each Sunday evening.

The McAuley family attended Drumreagh Presbyterian Church where Mr. McAuley was the Clerk of Session and Superintendent of the Sunday School and had a well-attended Bible Class. When strong allegations arose about the immoral conduct of the minister of that congregation, Sandy was approached about the matter by some church members. He felt that he should visit the minister to inform him that such rumours were in circulation. The minister adamantly denied all allegations and indeed treated Mr. McAuley as if he were the accuser.

Drunk

Sometime later he arrived at the McAuley farm with two of his elders. It was clear to Mr. McAuley that he was in a drunken state. The minister, who was reputed to be something of an amateur boxer, beat Sandy brutally and left him battered and bleeding. His daughter, Miss Sadie McAuley, remembers seeing her father later that evening and hardly being able to recognise him because of the swelling and bruises on his face.

Mr McAuley first heard Rev. Ian Paisley at an Orange rally in Ballymena. But then Mr. McAuley and other Cabra men heard Rev. Ian Paisley’s powerful preaching in Crossgar and it caused them to long for a mission in their own area. They arranged for the campaign to be held in the old schoolhouse. It was from that mission that the Free Presbyterian Church in Cabra was constituted on Saturday, 23 rd June, 1951 at 3.30 pm, as the third congregation of the Free Presbyterian Church, Crossgar and Ravenhill being the first and second congregations.
We read on the Website of Hebron FPC  the following account of the constitution service.

“The meeting place was a large tent erected in Mr. William Stevenson’s field just beside the old Schoolhouse. Originally the plan was to start the church in the Schoolhouse where the mission had been held. When it became clear that the people were seceding from the Presbyterian church to form a Free Presbyterian congregation, the old school building was closed to them.

The tent, holding about four hundred people, was well filled for the constitution service. Just before the sermon, Rev. J.G. Leitch MA and Rev. W. J. Hemphill BA, ministers of the Route Presbytery, arrived ‘to spy out the land.’ They looked very bewildered as they saw the huge crowd gathered and seemed not too comfortable as they had to take their seats directly below the platform, such was the large crowd. During the service, when the congregation shouted a hearty ‘hallelujah,’ they joined in the shout, carried away perhaps by the intense zeal of the people.

Rev. Ian Paisley delivered the constitution sermon. He spoke powerfully against modernism, apostasy and the World Council of Churches. He also spoke out against Professor Davey who denied the Virgin Birth of Christ and who had been acquitted, in 1927, of heresy charges by the General Assembly of the Irish Presbyterian Church. This was followed by prayer when the whole future of the work in Cabra was committed into the hands of the Lord Jesus Christ, the great King and Head of the Church. Then Mr. James Atkinson, Mr. Alexander McAuley, Mr. William Stevenson and Mr. Albert Hanna, the seceding elders, answered the prescribed questions and subscribed to the Confession of Faith. They were inducted into their offices and given the right hand of fellowship by Rev. George Stears and Rev. Ian R. K. Paisley.

Rev. Stears then delivered a solemn charge to the elders and congregation. The service, which lasted for two hours, was brought to an end by prayer and the benediction offered by Rev. J. Kyle Paisley from Ballymena. A sumptuous tea was then served by the ladies of the congregation.

After the tea, greetings to the new congregation were conveyed from the other congregations of Ravenhill and Crossgar and from friends in Ballymena, Dundonald and Rathfriland.”

Rasharkin FPC was formed shortly after when a division took place in the local Presbyterian Church. Here is an extract from the history on its webpage.

“Those families and individuals who left the Presbyterian Church met in an old barn, belonging to Mr Daniel Wallace. Dr. Paisley, who at that time had been preaching in Cabra, was invited to conduct a Service. After this meeting the people decided to form themselves into a congregation of the Free Presbyterian Church, and on 18 August 1951, the congregation was formally constituted, the same year as the Denomination itself was brought into existence.

The barn they had worshipped in was extensively renovated and made ready for use as a Church. Those in opposition to the new work nicknamed the congregation ‘barn rats’. Rev. Cecil Menary was the first Minister of the congregation, and the first Session consisted of Daniel Wallace, William Rea and Samuel Logan.

The following February Dr. Paisley conducted a Gospel Mission. The power of God’s Holy Spirit was manifested, and many people, young and old, were saved. The outcome of that Mission was that over forty souls put their trust in the Saviour, including Mr Bobby Wilson, a past Clerk of Session.”

Thus four Free Presbyterian congregation were born in the first year. Each of those early congregations had a birth in the fires of evangelism.

Later in 1952, Rev Paisley had a tent mission down at the roundabout at the junction of Cregagh Road, Mount Merrion Avenue and Ladas Drive. As a result of that Mount Merrion congregation was constituted on 2nd August 1952 as the 5th congregation. Dr Paisley negotiated and purchased the plot of ground, which was previously an allotment, and the church building has been on the same site ever since.  Rev. John Douglas and Rev. S. B. Cooke were involved from the start of the work and Rev. Cooke’s was its first minister.
Trinity Free Presbyterian Church in Portavogie, was born out of revival. The commencement of the witness can be traced back to 1954 when Dr. I R K Paisley was invited by a number of Presbyterian families to conduct services each Lord’s day in Ballyhalbert Orange Hall. These families then petitioned the Presbytery of the Free Presbyterian Church to be formed into a congregation. In 1955, at a meeting presided over by Dr. Paisley, it was decided to secure ground and commence a building fund. A site for a building in the village of Portavogie was purchased in 1956. The congregation met on the site in January 1957, when the Moderator cut the first sod. The building was erected entirely by voluntary labour by men of the congregation.

The first building was opened in September 1958. Approximately 450 people gathered to attend that opening ceremony and the ordination and installation of their first minister. Rev. John Douglas.

Later that same year, 1957, Dr. Ian Paisley held missions in Lisburn Orange Hall and afterwards in Derriaghy Mission Hall. A few brethren with a burden for souls met for prayer in an old cottage on the Mosside Road, Dunmurry. A Gospel Mission was planned for Dunmurry on the site where the new Free Presbyterian Church would be opened.

Despite the earlier successes in the gospel, the Free Presbyterian Church entered a period which we might likened unto the wilderness journey of Israel. From the early events in Ballymoney and Rasharkin etc., until the early 1960s, there seemed to be little happening, though in the wisdom of God a work of preparation was taking place. A great longing for revival blessing began to fall upon many in Ulster. I can recall the longing for God’s blessing that there was upon the people amongst whom God had placed me.
Prayer was answered and that in a most unexpected manner.

It is to those times we will turn in our next message.